In certain cases, a tooth still must be extracted due to the following indications:

loss of the major part of the tooth tissue without the possibility of restoration;
incorrect position of the tooth with no access for care or treatment;
crowding or other dental anomalies that contribute to the development of a malocclusion;
infection affecting the tooth root;
improper eruption process of a wisdom tooth.

Preparation for Extraction

This is a necessary condition for performing surgical intervention without issues or the likelihood of complications!

During the preparatory stage, it is necessary to take an X-ray to determine the size and shape of the roots, as well as to detect the presence of inflammation. If inflammation is identified, preliminary treatment is prescribed, and extraction is performed only after it has been resolved.
1 to 2 hours before the surgery, it is recommended to perform premedication using sedatives that enhance the effect of local anesthesia.

Stages of Tooth Extraction

numbing the surgical area with effective anesthetics, allowing for a painless extraction;
separating the gum from the tooth surface, which prevents trauma to the mucosal tissues;
loosening and extracting the damaged tooth using special instruments. If the tooth has curved roots, it is pre-sectioned into fragments, which are then removed piece by piece;
cleaning the socket of debris and treating it with an antiseptic agent;
covering the socket with a hemostatic sponge or a swab.

Extraction of a Retained Wisdom Tooth

This is considered one of the most complex dental operations. It involves the removal of a tooth that has erupted only partially — appearing one-third above the gumline — or has not erupted at all and continued its growth in the wrong direction under the periosteum.

In this case, the procedure is performed with enhanced anesthesia and can take about 1.5 hours. The extraction begins with an incision in the mucosa, followed by sawing off the visible part of the dental tissues and dividing the tooth into fragments for removal. The cleared socket is then cleaned, treated with an antiseptic, and sutured.

The procedure involves tissue damage; therefore, it necessarily requires a rehabilitation period, which lasts about 2 months until the complete healing of the gums. As a rule, recovery is comfortable except for the first 5–7 days.

Early Stage of Rehabilitation

The following are permissible during the initial phase:

painful sensations that arise 2 hours after extraction and spread to the jaw and cheek (pain relief medication is recommended);
chills and a slight fever — typical after complicated wisdom tooth extractions;
slight swelling of soft tissues in the area of surgical intervention.

How to Avoid Complications After Extraction?

For rapid recovery, dentists recommend adhering to these rules for the first 3 days:

do not consume food for the first few hours;
do not rinse the mouth — water movement can wash out the blood clot, leading to “dry socket” or infection;
avoid alcohol and smoking — these slow down healing and promote inflammation;
exclude overly hot and cold dishes from the diet;
do not touch the area with your tongue or any objects;
brush teeth carefully, avoiding the surgical site and using a soft-bristled brush;
avoid saunas or hot baths to prevent provoked bleeding;
do not apply warm compresses to the site.

Tooth extraction is a complex procedure, but following these doctor’s recommendations ensures everything proceeds without complications and with fast healing.